	       20 DIM DB%(DBL%)
	       30 FOR I%==0 TO DBL%
	       40 DB%(I%)=INT(RND(1)*100)
	       50 NEXT
	       60 GOSUB 200 'DRUCK DER AUSGANGSDATENFOLGE
	       70 REM SORTIERUNG AM PLATZ
	       80 DBH%=DBL%
	       90 FLAG%=1
	       100 WWHILE FLAG%
	       110 FOR I%=DBH%-1 TO 0 STEP -1
	       120 IF DB%(I%) > DB%(DBH%) THEN SWAP DB%(I%), DB%(DBH%)
	       130 NEXT
	       140 DBH%=DBH%-1
	       150 IF DBH%=0 THEN FLAG%=0
	       160 WEND
	       170 PRINT
	       180 GOSUB 200 'DRUCK DER SORTIERFOLGE
	       190 END
	       200 REM UNTERPROGRAMM
	       210 FOR I%=0 TO DBL%
	       220 PRINT DB%(I%);
	       230 NEXT
	       240 RETURN
	       RUN
		24  30	31  51	5  78  49  36  98  90
		5  24  30  31  36  49  51  78  90  98
	       OK

:
         몠 ᨪ ᪠  ᪮  
横  WHILE-WEND,  ..     WHILE    ᮮ⢥⢮
 WEND.

11. ᫮  ᫮ ணࠬ ࠧ⢫  몥 ᨪ.
11.1.  GOTO  ॠ樨 ணࠬ 室
      (᫮ ணࠬ 室)

               GOTO             ଠ쭠
᫥⥫쭮 믮 ப ணࠬ.
ଠ:  GOTO < ப> 
᫥  GOTO ணࠬ த  ப,	㪠    
< ப>.

ਬ:        10 DATA 2,4,6
	       20 READ Z%
	       30 PRINT "Z%="; Z%
	       40 GOTO 10
	       RUN
	       Z%=2
	       Z%=4
	       Z%=6
	       OUT OF DATA IN 10

:
        窨  ७  ⨫  ணࠬ஢,   ஥     ᭮
ᮢ६   ⨦   孮	ணࠬ஢,   ᫥   ᨫ쭮 
࠭稢  ᯮ짮  	GOTO.	  饬  砥     
⢮  ⮫쪮  	ࠢ  "  ணࠬ".   ⠫  砨 
ᯮ짮    ᪫祭ﬨ,   ᫥     
⨢ ணࠬ⮢.

       GOTO    짮 ਬ  ⮣,  ⮡   
ணࠬ     ⥪⮢ ணࠬ.  ⮣, 
 ப  ஬,	   ᠬ讣  ப 
ணࠬ, 饩 , ᫥ ணࠬ஢ ᫥騩 :

	       60000 SAVE "B:TESTPROG.BAS"

ᥣ,   室 ந     ० ⮫쭮 
(  ப), ந室 室  ப 60000:

	       GOTO 60000

 ᫥ ⨢  SAVE.

11.2.  IF, THEN,  ELSE  ॠ樨 ᫮ 室.

      ᫮ IF 稭 ᫮  (  ).
ଠ:  IF <ࠦ> GOTO < ப> [ELSE <᫥⥫쭮
	     ஢>]
	 
	 IF <ࠦ> THEN <᫥⥫쭮 ஢>
	    [[,] ELSE <᫥⥫쭮 ஢>
	 <᫥⥫쭮 ஢> = <>=[:<>]
	    
	 <᫥⥫쭮 ஢> = < ப>
᫮   㬥  (᪮) ᨪ-ப, ..
᫮    ᨬ 255 .
      ⢥ <ࠦ>   ᪮  ᫮ ࠦ.
᫨  ᪮ ࠦ  祭 "⨭",   ᫮  ࠦ 
⫨  ,  믮 ,  騥  ⢨ GOTO    THEN. 
    㣨    믮 ,  騥    ப  ᫥ 
  ELSE   ( ᫮  ),    믮 
᫥ ப ணࠬ.
<᫥⥫쭮   ஢>       ᫥⥫쭮	 믮塞 
஢ 몠 ᨪ,   ࠧ   ":",   ப.
᪠  ᫮ ஢.

ਬ:       10 IF A%=3 THEN PRINT B%
	       20 IF (A%=0) OR NOT (B%=4)
		  THEN C%=5 ELSE GOTO 50
	       30 IF A% THEN A%=A%+100 : B%=200 : PRINT C%:
		  GOTO 100 ELSE A%=A%-100 : B%=C%*5+D% : PRINT B%

ਬ砭:
     㦨  ᫥騩 ਬ:
	       10 IF X! > Y! THEN A!=3*X!+Y! ELSE B!=3*Y!+X!/2
	       20 C%=0

11.3.   ON   㫨஢ 室    ᯨ᪠

       ᫮ ON 稭  CASE  ⢫  室
 맮 ணࠬ.
ଠ:  ON <ࠦ>  GOTO <ᯨ᮪ ஢ ப>
	 
	 ON <ࠦ> GOSUB <ᯨ᮪ ஢ ப>
	 <ᯨ᮪ ஢ ப> =  < ப>[,< ப>]...
<ࠦ>    ᫮ ࠦ,  騬 楫᫥ 祭 
 1  255 ⥫쭮.    砥 祭 ࠦ    
襣  襣  楫 ᫠.	 祭  ࠦ,  ࠢ  N, 
  ᫥騬 ࠧ:  ᯨ᪠  N-  ப,  
ࠡ	ணࠬ  த   ப  ᮡ	ᯥ䨪樨 
GOTO    GOSUB.  ᫨ ࠦ ࠢ 0   ᫠ ஢  ப   
ᯨ᪥,   ணࠬ த  ᫥饩 ப. ᫨ ࠦ  
⥫쭮 祭,    祬 255,  ᮮ饭  訡:  
ILLEGAL FUNCTION CALL.

ਬ:       10 ON I%-I% GOTO 100, 200, 300
	       50 ON G% GOSUB 500,700
		    .
		    .			.
		    .
	       500 REM G%=1 : ணࠬ1

		    .
		    .
		    .
	       590 RETURN
	       700 REM G%=2 : ணࠬ2
		    .		   
		    .
		    .
	       870 RETURN

12.   ணࠬ  몥 ᨪ

12.1.  GOSUB  RETURN  ᯥ祭 ࠡ  ணࠬ

           樨  GOSUB          ணࠬ,
ᯮ  ணࠬ.
ଠ:  GOSUB	 ப
	   .
	   .
	 RETURN
ணࠬ,   ᯮ    ணࠬ,  ।⠢  ᮡ  
易 ᫥⥫쭮 ந ப  権,  稢 
樥  RETURN.       ணࠬ      ᪮쪮 
権  RETURN.  ᫥⥫쭮  権     ⠢ 
⠪ ࠧ< ⮡   ᥣ 뫠  RETURN.   ணࠬ 
  㣨 맮 ணࠬ.  室  ணࠬ ⢫ 
樥  GOSUB.    ⮬   ᮮ頥    ப,   
ன   ⮢ ணࠬ.      , 
   ப    易⥫쭮 ࢮ ப,    ன 
稭 ணࠬ.   ⤥  ⠪ ணࠬ   
 ᪮쪮 ⮢ ப (ணࠬ  窠 室!).
       RETURN  ⠪ ࠧ,   ࠢ 믮 
ணࠬ 頥 樨,  ।⢥ ᫥饩  樥 
GOSUB.

ਬ:        10 F%=I
	       20 FOR I%=1 TO 6
	       30 GOSUB 100
	       40 NEXT
	       50 END
	       100 REM ணࠬ, ᯮ  ணࠬ
	       110 F%=F%*F%
	       120 PRINT F%
	       130 RETURN
	       RUN
		1  2  6  24  120  720
	       OK

ਬ砭:
     ணࠬ,  ᯮ   ணࠬ,  楫ᮮࠧ  ᯮ짮
ᥣ	   ,  	-  ।  ᫥⥫쭮 
権 ॡ  ᪮쪨  ணࠬ    ⮬  .

12.2.	  CALL  맮 ணࠬ  設  	࣠樥 
	। ࠬ஢

       CALL    ᨪ-ணࠬ ⮢ 
設   㦥   ணࠬ ᥣ,   ⮬   
ᥣ     ࠡ⠭  ᨪ-ணࠬ ଠ    
ࠬ஢.  筮  ⠪  १  ࠡ  ணࠬ  ᥣ   
  ᨪ-ணࠬ १ ᮮ⢥騥 ࠬ.
ଠ:  CALL <⮢  ணࠬ  設 >
	 /(<ࠬ>/, <ࠬ>/...)/
     	 ⢥   <ࠬ>  ࠧ蠥  ᯮ짮  ⮫쪮    
६  ⨯ (   ⠭⮩  ࠦ).
     (⭮⥫쭮 । ࠬ஢ ᬮ ਫ .)

ਬ:        100 RUTIN%=&H7000
	       110 CALL RUTIN%(Z!, 15%, AI$)

:
         ணࠬ 樨   뢠  ⠪  ணࠬ
१  ᨪ,    祭 ஬,  ࠡ騬    樮
⥬ .

ਬ砭:
       ணࠬ  設  ⮬᪨ ࣠ ⥪ ࠧ஬
16 .  ᫨ ⮩   墠⠥,   ࣠   ⠭⭮ 
ணࠬ   設   ,   । ⮬  㪠⥫ 
⥪ ᭮ ᫥ ⠭  ० 祭.
     ..      設  筮 ࠡ    ⭠묨
᫠,   ⮢  ⠪ ᫥   ⭠筮  
(ᬮ ப ணࠬ 100  ਬ).
       ⫨稥    ଠ   ᨪ-    ᨪ-
 ⮢  ணࠬ 㪠뢠 -  ணࠬ, 
饥 ᨬ쭮  6 ᨬ.  ⠭⭮ ணࠬ  ᥬ 
       '    PUBLIC.    ࠬ஢   
易⥫쭮,  ⠪  	   砥 ࠬ   ।  ⠪   
 樨 COMMON (ᬮ 12.6.).

12.3. 㭪 VARPTR  ⮢ ᮢ 

     㭪  VARPTR  । 砫  ࢮ    
  ६  ⥩ -뢮 ( ) -
  .
ଠ:   VARPTR  (<㬥>)
	  
	  VARPTR (#<  >)
     ।   ᯮ짮 㭪樨 ६     ᢮
- 祭.  ᫨ ⮣  뫮 ᤥ,  ந室 ᮮ饭  
訡.    ⢥  <㬥>          ᫮ 
६     ६  ⨯  ᨬ쭮	ப	    ᫮ 
६   ६  ⨯ ᨬ쭮 ப.    
    -32768  32767.      ,   
   ,  ᫨     -  
६.    ,  	।  砫	ᮢ   
ந室 ।⢥ । 쭥訬 ᯮ짮.
     <    > ⠭  ⨨       
  樨  OPEN (ᬮ 㭪 15.4.).    <   
> ⠢ 砫   -뢮.
     㭪 ᯮ  । ᮢ    ᨪ-ணࠬ
६  .. ணࠬ  ᥬ.

ਬ:        30 ADDR%=VARPTR(#3)


12.4.   ᠭ DEF USR  ᫮ 室  짮⥫ 
       設 ணࠬ

         樨  DEF  USR      -  ᨪ-
ணࠬ ணࠬ ᥣ  設 .
ଠ:   ᠭ: DEFUSR (<>) = <⮢  ணࠬ  設
			    >
	  맮:     <䨪  ६>=USR (<>  (<䠪᪮
		      ࠦ>)
      ᯮ짮쬠ᨬ쭮 10 ⠢ 짮⥫ ணࠬ
ᥣ⮢  設 ,    0  9. ᫨   ,  
⠭⭮ ᯮ  0.  ⮢  ணࠬ  設	 
।⠢  ᮡ ࠦ ⨯ INTEGER,  INTEGER-६  INTEGER-
⠭.    ணࠬ  - ࠬ,    ண 
  । ணࠬ ᥣ ᮮ⢥饥 ᫮	祭.   
१  ࠡ  ணࠬ ᥣ ⠪  ।	⮫쪮	 
᫮ 祭 뢠襩 ᨪ-ணࠬ.
(⭮⥫쭮 । ࠬ஢ ᬮ ਫ .).

ਬ:        10 DEF USR 5=32763
		    .
		    . 
		    .
	       90 !=USR 5(A!-B!*C%)

ਬ砭:
        ᨪ-ணࠬ  ᮤঠ ᪮쪮  㣮  権
DEF USR  묨 ࠬ. ⮬  - 믮塞  ᭮ 
⠭ ⮢ .
       ࠡ  ᨪ-஬ ᫥    ,  
  USR-맮   ।ᬮ७ ।  ࠬ஢.       
樨  POKE  (ᬮ  㭪 13.9.)       - 
饭   ,   ⥬   ⠭    ࠡ⠭ 
⠭⭮  ணࠬ   設 .  ⠭⭠ ணࠬ   設 
   楫᫥ 祭 뢠襩 ணࠬ. ⠫ 
祭       樨 PEEK (ᬮ 㭪  14.4.)   
- 饭  ⨢ .   室 
⠤  ணࠬ  設    । 痢    
⪮஢ ᨪ-ணࠬ.   ணࠬ   뢠
⥬   樨 CALL (ᬮ 㭪 12.2.)

12.5.  CHAIN  ᮧ ૥   ᨪ-ணࠬ.

       樨 CHAIN  㦠 ணࠬ ᥣ.
ଠ:  CHAIN	/MERGE/<⨬ 䨪  >/,
		/,<    ப>//,ALL//,DELETE<     ન 
		 ஢ ப>//
<⨬  䨪    >  ।⠢  ᮡ  - 
⨬    樮  ⥬  䨪    .  
  ࠦ  ᨬ ப,   ६ ⨯  ᨬ쭮
ப	  ⠭ ⨯ ᨬ쭮 ப,  䨪    
窠.     㪠      ᮤঠ  㦠  ᨪ-
ணࠬ.    ᮧ  SAVE (ᬮ 㭪 5.11.). ᫨  
 ਧ ⨯,  ⮬᪨ ਭ ਧ ".BAS".
     ᫨ ᯮ  MERGE,  㦠 ணࠬ ᬥ訢  
饩 ணࠬ.   ⮬ ᫥ 뢠  ᫮,  㯮 
  ᠭ  	MERGE  (ᬮ 㭪 5.14.).  ᫨    MERGE   
ᯮ,	     㦠   ணࠬ    ᥣ	  ⠭⭮ 
ࠡ뢠	  ०  LOAD.   ⮬ ᫥  뢠    ᫮, 
㯮    ᠭ   LOAD (ᬮ 㭪 5.12.)    ਬ 
ࠬ   R.	ᮡ ᫥    ,  		᢮ 
祭    ᠭ ⨯ (ᬮ 㭪 7.2.),	ᠭ  㭪権   
⠭ OPTION BASE (ᬮ 㭪 9.2.).  砥 室  ᫥ 
   ணࠬ.
     	  ࠬ    ப ᮮ頥  ⮢  ப   
㦠  ணࠬ ᥣ.    ப     
 ७㬥樨    RENUM (ᬮ 㭪  5.10.).	᫨ 
 ப  , 㦠 ணࠬ ᥣ   ࢮ 
ப ணࠬ.
     ᫨  ᯮ  ALL,   㦠 ணࠬ  ᥣ 
।  祭 ६.   ⨢ 砥 ணࠬ ᥣ 
।⠢  ⮫쪮  䠪᪨ 祭  ६,  	뫨 
ᠭ   COMMON (ᬮ 㭪 12.6.).
       DELETE  뢠  ࠭ 㪠 ப,  ०  祬  㤥 
㦥    ணࠬ ᥣ.      ࠥ  ப 
 ਢ   DELETE ࠢ (ᬮ 㭪 5.9.).
       ᫥ 믮 樨 CHAIN  묨.

ਬ:        100 CHAIN "  1"
	       150 CHAIN "  1", 300
	       200 CHAIN "  1", 300, ALL
	       250 CHAIN MERGE "  1", 400
	       350 CHAIN MERGE "  1", 400, DELETE 200-700
	       10 COMMON I%, K%()
	       20 I%=5
	       30 FOR I%=I% TO 0 STEP -1
	       40 K%(I%)=I%+2*I%
	       50 PRINT I%,K%(I%)
	       60 NEXT
	       70 CHAIN "PROG2"
	       P
	       5	 15
	       4	 12
	       3	 9
	       2	 6
	       1	 3
	       0	 0
	       0	 0
	       1	 3
	       2	 6
	       3	 9
	       4	 12
	       5	 15
     ணࠬ  PROG2,  ࠧ饭         䨪஬
"PROG2.BAS"
	       10 COMMON I%, K%()
	       20 FOR I%=0 TO I%
	       30 PRINT I%, K%(I%)
	       40 NEXT
	       50 END

ਬ砭:
       ࠡ   ᨪ-஬    樨  ALL,  MERGE,
DELETE  ࠬ  ப. ᫨  ᪮஢ - ᨪ-
ணࠬ,   権   . ६  ᮮ   
樨 COMMON (ᬮ 㭪 12.6.).

12.6.  ᠭ COMMON

       COMMON    । ଠ   楯  
  ணࠬ  ᥣ⮢    ணࠬ  樥  CHAIN 
(ᬮ 㭪 12.5.).
ଠ:  COMMON <䨪 ६> /, <䨪 ६>/...
     뢠    ६,  䠪᪮ ᯮ    
 ।⠢ 㦠 ணࠬ ᥣ⠬.
     䨪   ᫥   㣫 ᪮  "()".   
ᠭ   COMMON      ।  ᥬ   ⠫묨	ﬨ 
ᮮ⢥饣  ணࠬ	ᥣ.  ᫥⥫쭮  ࠬ஢   
樨  COMMON   ⤥ ணࠬ ᥣ⮢    ࠧ筮. 
 ࠬ ᫥  ⮫쪮  ࠧ.

ਬ:        10 COMMON I%, I1%, T#(), S1$, S2$
		    .
		    .
. 
