      	1991 .
  	 	.

***************************************************************
*           						      *
*                    		      *
*                           CP/M			      *
*							      *
***************************************************************





        /    .
  	    (
   "").  
     :

	60 CP/M-80  V2.2
	** BIOS V1.6  **
	SP-COMPUTER CLUB
	PETERBURG   1990

	A>

     ,   / - 80, 2.2, 
     ,  
.,     
   BIOS  .  - 
- , ,     
  ""    .
      ,     ,
   , .    ,
 BIOS(BASIC INPUT-OUTPUT SISTEM -- 
-),   .
      
  BIOS   . BIOS   
 .
      / -    ,  
 .        
      BIOS:BDOS(BASIC DISK OPERATING
SYSTEM --   )  CCP(CONSOLE
COMMAND PROCESSOR --   ).
           .
   " ".
     ,      
         
    /.
      -" ",  
        
.    .  
       .
       
"CTRL+C"(..  ""  "C").


        	     /
	============================================

           
"",..      
    .   ,
        
  :

	>B:[BK]
	B>

            
 ,      
: 
    BDOS ERROR SELECT
       .
             
       
        
:

	>B:TYPE TEXT.TXT

(      B)


		  
	============================================

      /    -"
".      
  "/CTRL"     :
    CTRL+C  -    
    CTRL+  -     [BK]
    CTRL+J  -   
    CTRL+H  -        
,   
    DEL     -      
    CTRL+V  -        
    
    CTRL+X  -        
   
    CTRL+E  -       
,    [BK]; [BK]   
       
 
    CTRL+R  -     ,
   "DEL" .   
         
     
    CTRL+S  -      ; 
  ,   

    CTRL+P  -      , 
 ;    "CTRL+S"


	       
	=======================================

      /     :(
  )     
         ; ,
     (  -"COM").
       :
    DIR  -        
  ,   ;
    REN  -    ;
    ERA  -   ;
    TYPE -     ;
    USER -       ,
   ;
    SAVE -     ()
     .
         . ,
       .
       "COM".
     ,
  CP/M  DIGITAL RESEARCH:
    STAT  -      ;
    PIP   -      ;
    D    -     ;
    SUBMIT-      
,    ;
    SM   -    ,.. 
       
"D"      "NEX",  
        
 "LOAD";
    LOAD  -       
  ;
    DDT   -        
      ;
    DUMP  -        
    ;
    FORMAT-   ;
    SYSGEN-       .
   .


			DIR
		=====================

     "DIR"     
   /.     
   .   
  ,    .,
"DIR",     :

	>DIR [BK]
	A:MOVCPM  COM:STAT  COM:PIP    COM:SYSGEN COM
	A:FORMAT  COM:LOAD  COM:
	A>

KAK  ,   "DIR"  
.
          
 .       
    :

	>DIR B: [BK]
	B:TEXT   TXT:BASIC  COM:PIP    COM:SUBMIT COM
	B:PROG1  COM
	A>

 ,    "DIR B:"  
"A>"      .   B
     :

	NO FILE

   "DIR"        
,   .    
  .    
"*"  "?"    :

	>DIR B:*.COM

  -      
  B.


			REN
		=====================

          , "REN"
 ,  ,,    
 :

	>REN NAME.NEW=NAME.OLD

,    , 
  :

	>DIR NAME.NEW
	A:NAME  NEW
	A>DIR NAME.OLD
	NO FILE
	A>

 ,  NAME.OLD   , NAME.NEW
.     
 :

	NO FILE

          
.   ,  
  .    :
R/O(READ ONLY -  ) R/W(READ WRITE -  
).       R/
 :

	FILE IS SET R/O

(    " ")
    ,    .
     [BK].
           ,
   :

	>REN B:NEW.TXT=OLD.TXT
	A>

,        
      .
       :

	>REN B:NEW.TXT=B:OLD.TXT
	A>

!!!           !!!
!!!						   !!!


			ERA
		===================

       ,    
   .  
  .  , 
 "ERA"    .  
  .      .
        
.    ,- ,
    .
       -   
   ():

	>ERA TEXT.TXT
	A>DIR TEXT.TXT
	NO FILE
	A>

  -T.O.   TEXT.TXT    
 .
          :

	>RA *.TXT

    -   .
    :

	>ERA B:NAME.*

  -   B     "NAME"(
).
              
:

	>RA *.*

  -   [BK]   , :

	ALL(Y/N)

  - "Y"    ,   
  .
          R/O   
:

	FILE IS SET R/O


			TYPE
		=====================

           
     .     
:

	>YPE CONSP.TXT

  -     . 
  "CTRL"  "S" .
       .


			USER
		======================

          
  ,      . 
"USER"    (    16 :   0 
15).      "USER 0"
   :

	>USER 1
	A>

          
   . - - 
.     :

	NO FILE

T.O.       .


     		        SAVE
		======================

     "SAVE" N-(256-  )
         .
   /    
   0100H ,   
...      
100H  2FFH, "SAVE"   
  . ..   
      .
	>SAVE 3 X.COM ( 3      
X.COM)
	A>SAVE 40 PRG.TXT (    
 100H  2*16+8=40 ..28FFH)
         :
	>SAVE 6 : PRG.COM (   B  
)



	             
	*********************************************

           
    . 
     DIGITAL RESEARCH.


                       FORMAT	
		======================

    ,      
-..,    -
.        
"A"    "FORMAT"   [BK]  
:

        V1.1
      (,B,...)?   -   
    80  40  (8/4)?   -   
				  
    ,  (1/2)?    -2    
    ,  (S/D)?
    			       -    
				 
     (Y/N)   ()?
			       -   "Y" 
				   -
				, "N"  -
				 ,  -
				 "E"  :
	
	   :	.
	  

           
     . 
    :
	?
 -      -
   (     
, ..  ),  
  .

			
			STAT
		======================

     "DIR"      
.     ,  ,
   .   
  "STAT".,  
        STAT.COM
        :
     -       
      ,  
  .
     -      ,
  .       
(       ):

	>STAT XT.TXT
	RECS  BYTES  EXT  ACC
 	110   14     1    R/W A:TEXT.TXT
	BYTES REMAINING ON A:476K
        A>

    (-        , 
TEXT.TXT    110   128 (RECS),
   14 (BYTES),    
(EXT=16 )  1,  R/W,
   -476 .)
    -       
..    R/O:

	>STAT TEXT.TXT $R/O
	TEXT.TXT SET TO R/O
	A>

    (  TEXT.TXT    
 /)

	>STAT A:=R/O
	A>

    (  )
    -   .  
     , 
,      "DIR"( 
):

	>STAT TEXT.TXT $SYS
	TEXT.TXT SET TO SYS
	>

    -  :

	>STAT TEXT.TXT $DIR
	TEXT.TXT SET TO DIR

     (       "DIR")
    -      
  :

	>STAT USR:
	ACTIVE USER 0
	ACTIVE FILES 0 1 2
	A>

     (  0,     1  2)
    -    
  ., - CON; -
- LPT;  ...       
    :

	>STAT DEV:
	CON:IS CRT:
	RDR:IS PRT:
	PUN:IS PRT:
	LST:IS LPT:

       CRT,PRT,LPT  ..?     -
.  ,    
   ,   
   "STAT",  STAT VAL:

	>STAT VAL:
	TEMP R/O DISK:D:=R/O
	SET INDICATOR:D:FILENAME.TYP $R/O,$R/W,$SYS,$DIR
	DISK STATUS:DSK:D:DSK
	USER STATUS:USR:
	IOBYTE ASSING:
	CON:=TTY:CRT:BAT:UC1:
	RDR:=TTY:RTR:UR1:UR2:
	PUN:=TTY:PTR:UP1:UP2:
	LST:=TTY:CRT:LPT:UL1:
	A>

       (IOBYTE ASSING),  
  ,  -  
   :
    TTY:-, ( 
    );
    CRT:- (    
);
    BAT:-  ;
    UC1:-, (  
      BIOS)
    PTR:-   ;
    UR1:,UR2:-    1  2, 
;
    PUN:--   ;
    UP1:,UP2:-   ;
    LPT:-;
    UL1:-    .
      
 ,    
 CON:   CRT::

	>STAT DEV:
	CON:IS TTY:
	RDR:IS PRT:
	LST:IS LPT:
	A>STAT CON:=CRT:
	A>STAT DEV:
	CON:IS CRT:
	RDR:IS PRT:
	LST:IS LPT:
	A>

      .
          
:

	>STAT CON:=CRT:,RDR:=UR1:,PUN:=UP1:
	A>

          
 .


		        PIP
		====================

     ,    "PIP"   
   PIP.COM.
      :
	-     ;
	-    ;
	-    ;
	-      .
    "PIP"       

	>PIP [BK]
	
	A>PIP" "  [BK]

      ,"PIP"    
  .  ,"PIP" 
   (    
*),  ,     (..  
   ). 
    
   , . ,
,    ,   ,
    "PIP".
        :

	D:FILENAME=S:FILENAME1,FILENAME2,...,FILENAMEN

   , D:- -    ,
  .      
 S:.    ,  
       .
            :

	*:TEXT.TXT=A:TEXT1.TXT

	( , "PIP"  )
          ,  ,,
.   ,    .
             
   :

	*B:TEXT.TXT=TEXT1.TXT

              
 ,   :

	*B:TEXT.TXT=TEXT.TXT
	*B:=TEXT.TXT
	*B:TEXT.TXT=A:

          
 .

	>PIP [BK]
	*B:=TEXT.*

           :

	COPYING
	TEXT.TXT
	TEXT.COM
	TEXT.BAK
    
             
 ,        -
 .       
   "IMPROPER FORMAT".   
 , PIP    "NO FILE".
          .$$$.
        ,PIP 
      ,, 
       R/O , PIP
         . 
(Y) PIP      ,(N)  
 .
         , 
 "DIR".
             
 ,     
 "STAT".   
   .   
       .
     -    
 TEST.TXT,  :

	>PIP TEST.TXT=CON:

       
   :,    ,
  .     
 "CTRL+Z",     .
().
         
 PIP:
    NUL:   -  40 (ASCII 0) ( 
    )
    EOF:   -    (ASCII  CTRL+Z)
  (    
   ASCII  PIP)
    INP:   -   "PIP",  
""    "PIP":PIP   
      103    .109
(     )
    OUT:   -      
"PIP",     "PIP"
(  106     C   ,
  ., .  109  1FF 
 "PIP"      
   "DDT")
    PRN:   -  ,  LST,  ,
       
      60   
 .
:

	>PIP LST:=X.PRN [BK]

		(   . "LST")

	>PIP PRN:=NUL:,.ASM,EOF:NUL:[BK]

		( 40    ;
		    X.AS  ,
		    "CTRL+Z"   40 )

          
 "PIP",       
 ,    
.     
        ,
      .
      
 (S  Q -   ).
"PIP"  :
        B      :   
	      "PIP"     -X
	     ( ASCII)   . 
	           
	      ,   
	     .   -X=OFF,"PIP"
	           
	       . 
	     ,     ,
	         ( 
	       ).
	DN  -  ,  
	       (N)      
	         . 
	           
	      ,   ()   
	       .
	   -       
	           .
	P   -    .  
	         . "P"
	          , 
	          .
	H   -   : 
	          .
	         
	           
	            
	         .
	I   -   ":00"   
	         INTEL( "I"
	         "H").
	L   -      .
	N   -      ,
	           ,   
	        1.,  ,
	           .
	       "N2",     
	           
	      .   
	       "".
	   -  (  ASCII)   :
	        "CF/M"  .
	PN  -      
	      "N"(   ). 
	      "N=1"   , 
	         60 . "F"
	      ,    
	            
	       .
	QS^Z-      
	         ( 
	       "CTRL+Z").
	SS^Z -     
	          "S"( 
	       "CTRL+Z"). S  Q   
	        ""   (
	        ).    
	           .
	       :    
	         "S""Q"    
	        CCP,   2  
	       "PIP". 1  "PIP"  
	          .
			1. PIP [BK]
			2. PIP "COMMAND LINE"[BK]
	N   -  , N-   
	             
	       .
	U    -       
	           .
	V    - ,    
	            
	       (    
	       ).
	Z    -        
	        "ASCII".

        "PIP",
    :

    PIP X.ASM=B:[V]   [BK]

 X.ASM   B     ,
    .

    PIP LTP:=X.ASM[NT8U]   [BK]

 X.ASM  LTP: ;  ,
       
    .

    PIP PUN:=X.NEX[I],Y.ZOT[H]   [BK]

  X.NEX  PUN:   
":00"  X.NEX,    
  Y.ZOT,  
,  ":00",  .

    PIP X.LIB=Y.ASM[SSUBR1:^Z QJMP L3^Z]   [BK]

   Y.ASM   X.LIB.  
"SUBR1:"     ,
  "JMP L3".

    PIP PRN:=X.ASM[P50]   [BK]

 X.ASM  LPT:   , 
       
   50 ., NT8P60,
     PRN;P50  
  .


                       ED
       	 ================================

     "ED"     
 /,     
 "ASCII"    /.
     D       ,
  ,     
       /.
  , /     
 , ,   ,
,     .
      D   
,   ,    .
   ""    
 ,     
.      
,       
.      
    ,
       .
      :

	D X.ASM [BK]

     D      :
	X.ASM
           
ED.   ED, .SM  
 X.BAK,    X.ASM..., X.BAK
    X.ASM   
 .    
        
  .,   
  :

	DIR X.*      -     ".BAK"
	RA X.ASM    -   
	REN X.ASM=X.BAK  -   ".BAK"  ".ASM"

    ,       
( , ,CTRL+C  
 "Q")   .  
 ".BAK"       
 .
          
        
 :

	ED FILE.ASM D:

 -         D:...
  ".$$$"     D:,   
   "FILE.BAK",  "FILE.$$$"  "FILE.ASM".
   D:  "FILE.ASM"  :

	FILE EXISTS
    
        ED   
  :

	D B: X.ASM

 -    B:.


                       SYSGEN
		======================

          
      .
SYSGEN:

	>SYSGEN  [BK]
	SYSGEN VERSION N.N
	UNIT =	
    SYSGEN,     4 -
   	: (!!!)    
   .    
 		  ,  
, ,    .

   -      ,  
        .
    SYSGEN   -
 	  	 .
          	 
		"PIP", "FCOPY"  "POWER".


			SUBMIT
		=======================

           
 .,    SUBMIT
   ,     
  ".SUB". ".SUB"  
     . 
(PARM#1...PARM#2)      ,
    .
          
D    "S"  :
       $1  $2  $3  ...  $N
   -    ,
       .
  SUBMIT   
   .    
   ,   
     . SUBMIT
     :
        $$$.SUB
   -  .   
(   SUBMIT),  
  CCP   ,   .
  SUBMIT    ( ),
     ,    
       .
     ,   ""   SUBMIT,
   "SS",   "S"
  . ,   
  "X",  CTRL+X.
        "SUB"   
  "SUB", ..   
  "SUB".
    ,     "ASMBL.SUB",
  :

	SM $1
	DIR $1.*
	ERA *.BAK
	PIP $2:=$1.PRN
	ERA $1.PRN

     :

	SUBMIT ASMBL X PRN  [BK]

  - SUBMIT   ASMBL.SUB  "X" 
  "$1"  "PRN" ,  "$2", T
 $$$.SUB, :

	ASM X 
	DIR X.*
	ERA *.BAK
	PIP PRN:=X.PRN
	ERA X.PRN

  -   CCP.
         "SUBMIT"      "SUB",
    ( )  
    .


			DUMP
		====================

           
 .   
 16  ,   
        
 .     
   .


			MOVCPM
		=======================

     "MOVCPM"    
     . -
      , ,
:  ,:  
   .   
   "*","MOVCPM"    
 ,    
       
  0000H.     -
,   ;  "*" ,
      "SYSGEN".
 "MOVCPM"     
          
  .
   :

	MOVCPM [BK]    -     
		            ,
			     
			 (   
			   
			   ,  
			 100H).   -
			    ,
			     .
	MOVCPM N [BK]  -     
			      N-.
			 (N  16  64)   ,
			    .
	MOVCPM * * [BK]
		       -   ,  
			   ,  
			   "SYSGEN"
	MOVCPM N * [BK]
		       -      -
			      N-
			      
			 "SYSGEN".
    :

	MOVCPM * * [BK]

    -           
     "SYSGEN":

	READY FOR "SYSGEN" OR
	"SAVE 32 CPMXX.COM"

    -        
 , XX      .
    :

	SYSGEN [BK]

    -    :

	SOURCE DRIVE NAME
	/ON RETURN TO SKIP/

    -     [BK]      
,   :

	DESTINATION DRIVE NAME
	/OR RETURN TO REBOOT/

    -   "B"   ,   
     "B".   
:

	DESTINATION ON B,
	THEN TYPE RETURN

    - O TOM,      "B"  
   -.
,     "A"  "B"   
   "A",       
        [BK],   .
:  MOVCPM 	  	.
   CP/M 	BIOS 77- , 
  BIOS  BDOS ( ,    DIGITAL
RESEARCH  5'' , 1983 .).   
 CP/M 	 .   -
   	CP/M  ..

	    	
	*************************************

     CP/M V2.0     , 
  ,     0005H,
     "C"    
  "DE".,   ,-
   "A",      "HL"( 
,  "A"="L"  "B"="H"   
 ).    ;
 ,   , -
   .,   -
   ,   
.

    0   
    1    
    2    
    3     
    4    
    5     
    6*  /  
    7    /
    8    /
    9   
    10*   
    11    
    12*   
    13    
    14   
    15*  
    16   
    17*  
    18*  
    19*  
    20   
    21   
    22*  
    23*  
    24*   
    25    
    26    DMA
    27   ()
    28*     
    29*   (   R/O)
    30*   
    31*  ( )
    32* /  
    33   
    34*  
    35*   
    36*   

:  CP/M V2.2	 .37,   CPM V3.0	- 42 .

( 28,29  32   	 
       MP/M).
    MP/M		  - MP/M	-
, .	 ,      1.

        :
    (   2.0    1.4, 
     	   1977  CP/M 1.4,	   )

.6 -   . 	 	 -
        ,    BDOS  /
         .,    -
          /  
       BIOS      -
        /   BDOS .,
            
       MP/M  CP/M.
             .6, "E"   -
        FF,    ,
         ASCII.   FF, .6 -
       "A"=00(     ),  
        "A"      .
           "E"   FF, .6 -
          "E"   ASCII, -
         .
.10 -       
	   ,  -
	  . , 
	,     
	( CTRL+X)    -
	 ,  ( 
	    ).  
	       
	 .
.12 -   .     
	,   ,
	  (   " " -
	- .,  "HL"=0000   1.4,  
	   )., .12
	   , "H"=00   CP/M 
	"H"=01  / ,  "L"=00   
	  CP/M.2.0   -
	 20  "L"     2  
	    21,22  2F. 
	  .12,,  
	 ,   -
	 , - 
	,     
	    CP/M.    
  , , ,"DE"
    (FCB)., 
    , 
    ,    
1.4,  " "  " ",
 .
      (FCB)     
  33    
 36  ,    .
        005CH 
       ,
  007DH,007EH  007FH    .
   "FCB"    :

---------------------------------------------------------------
DR  F1 F2 . F8  T1 T2 T3  EX  S1 S2  RC  D0 . DN   CR  R0 R1 R2
---------------------------------------------------------------
C0  C1 C2...C8  09 10 11  12  13 14  15  16...31   32  33 34 35

:
    DR     (0-16)
	  0=>     ,
	  1=>    ,
	  2=>  , B,
	  ...
	  16=> , P.
    
    F1...F8
	       ASCII  
	      = 0

    1,2,3
	       SCII  
	      = 0
	  1,2,3    ;1=1 - 
	   ,2=1 -    DIR
    EX       ,
	    (00) , 
	   0 - 31   / .

    S1        -
	  
    S2    --"--,      "OPEN","NAME",
	  "SEARCH"
    RC       ,   0 
	  128
    D0...DN
	   ,   -
	  .
    CR           -
	    , 
	    .
    R0,R1,R2
	       
	  0 -65535    R0,R1,R2  
	  16-       R0
	    R1

.15
         
,  ,  S2 
.,   , 
  ,    ...,
  ,    
    ,  .

.17
     .    
 , FCB, "DE". 255(FF)-
     ,  , "A"
 0,1,2,3 ,  ,   
.  ,   ,  DMA
 ,    -
    A*32(..  
 "A"   5    "A"  ).
      , 
        .
       ASCII(63   ,3F  
)     F1  EX 
       
  . DR -      
ASCII,     ,
        -
  ,  ,
   . .  -
  ,    
     .
 DR    , S2 
.

.18
     .  ,  ,
     -
 . .17,.18   255  "A"
        .

.19
     ., ,   FCB,
"DE".       (.
    ),    
   ,  .17  .18.
    .19    255,  
      ,  ,-
     0  3 .

.22
     .    CP/, -
 ,  2      BIOS.

.23
     .  ,    , -
 ,  255 , . 
  (,   , 
 ),       0  3
.

.24
      , (.2.0)
 16-    "HL",  
 1       -
  H      P.
,    ,
  "A"  "L"     
.

.28
           
     .   
        
   :
	BDOS ERR ON A:R/O

.29
           "HL",
        -
. .24,    -
 ,    -  P.  
       28,
     CP/
   .

.30
    .     -
   , 
. ,   R/O(1  2  )
    . "DE"  
     ,
  ..30  
     ..,  -
  .  F1  F4   
 ,     
,      
       .
 F5  F8  3    
  .

.31
       ,  BIOS,-
  "HL"     ..  
      :-,-
        
  ,    
       
    ,  -
.     
 .

.32
          -
       .32. 
 "E"=FF,     
   "A",    
 0  31.   "E"  FF ,   -
    "E"( 32).

.33
     .     -
 ,  ,   
  , 24- ,-
    ,  FCB(  R0 
 33,R1  34,R2  35).,   24 
      (R0),  
  (R1)     (R2).CP/
 2.0     R2,   ,
    (.35). R2
  ,,   -
    .
    ..,  2.0   R0,R1   
    "",  ,
 .      0
 65535,       
  8 . ,  ,
 ,  ( 0) 
 .    
     "DIR". 
          
 (R0,R1)  BDOS   
.   ,""   
,  ,  00,  ,
  .     DMA
    .,  -
   ,  
  ...,  
     .
        ,
      -
 (       
      ,  
      
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	 : 199238 - / 175
		-,  1992
   24 
 